A literature review was conducted to investigate the impact of diet on irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). Key findings revealed the significant role of gut microbiota in IBS-C, with variations in microbial populations among IBS subtypes. Specifically, IBS-C patients exhibited different microbiota profiles compared to healthy controls, with higher levels of certain bacteria such as Firmicutes and lower levels of others like Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Additionally, methane-producing bacteria, such as Methanobrevibacter smithii, were linked to more severe constipation symptoms, suggesting that targeting these microbiota could improve IBS-C management.

Dietary interventions, including the low-FODMAP diet and fiber supplementation, were examined for their effectiveness in managing IBS-C symptoms. The low-FODMAP diet, which restricts certain fermentable carbohydrates, was found to alleviate symptoms in some patients with IBS-C by reducing gut fermentation and improving stool consistency. Soluble fibers, such as psyllium, were also shown to help manage constipation and improve bowel function, while probiotics and prebiotics may positively influence the microbiota, offering potential therapeutic benefits. Current evidence suggests that a balanced diet and lifestyle modifications can significantly improve symptom management and quality of life for patients.

Reference: Di Rosa C, Altomare A, Terrigno V, et al. Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-C): Effects of Different Nutritional Patterns on Intestinal Dysbiosis and Symptoms. Nutrients. 2023 Mar 28;15(7):1647. doi: 10.3390/nu15071647. PMID: 37049488; PMCID: PMC10096616.